{"id":330,"date":"2010-03-31T06:45:54","date_gmt":"2010-03-31T06:45:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/2010\/03\/31\/jow_2\/"},"modified":"2017-05-21T19:26:36","modified_gmt":"2017-05-21T19:26:36","slug":"jow_2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/2010\/03\/31\/jow_2\/","title":{"rendered":"Jednomandatowe Okr\u0119gi Wyborcze  &#8211; 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"justify\">Pewien czas temu napisa\u0142em wpis p\/t &quot;<a title=\"Jednomandatowe okr\u0119gi wyborcze\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/2007\/11\/dziesi_skutkow_wprowadzenia_jo.html\">Dziesi\u0119\u0107 skutk&oacute;w wprowadzenia jednomandatowych okr\u0119g&oacute;w wyborczych<\/a>&quot;. Pod punktem 9 owego wpisu napisa\u0142em: &quot;Spadn\u0105 wydatki na socjal. O zwyci\u0119stwie decydowa\u0107 b\u0119dzie ma\u0142a liczba niezdecydowanych okr\u0119g&oacute;w wyborczych. Dla polityk&oacute;w straci sens ustanawianie transfer&oacute;w spo\u0142ecznych obejmuj\u0105cych wielkie grupy wyborc&oacute;w. B\u0119da oni raczej starali si\u0119 wymy\u015bli\u0107 takie wydatki&nbsp; na kt&oacute;rych skorzystaj\u0105 ich lokalni wyborcy.&quot;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><br \/>\nT\u0119 tez\u0119 \u0142adnie dokumentuje  raport autorstwa Milesi-Ferretti, Perotti i Rostagno p\/t &quot;<a title=\"jednomandatowe okr\u0119gi wyborcze\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=879365\">Electoral  Systems and Public Spending<\/a>&quot;. W raporcie tym autorzy dziel\u0105 wydatki  publiczne na zakup konkretnych d&oacute;br i us\u0142ug, oraz programy transferu  pieni\u0119dzy za pomoc\u0105 bud\u017cetu do szerokich grup spo\u0142ecznych, oraz  dokumentuj\u0105, \u017ce w krajach gdzie funkcjonuj\u0105 JOW na wydatki publiczne  sk\u0142\u0105daj\u0105 si\u0119 raczej zakupy konkretnych d&oacute;br i us\u0142ug &#8212; dzieje si\u0119 tak,  bo wydatki te jest \u0142atwiej adresowa\u0107 do poszczeg&oacute;lnych region&oacute;w, ni\u017c  programy transfer&oacute;w do szerokich grup spo\u0142ecznych.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>2001). IMF Working Paper, Vol. , pp. 1-45, 2001<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-330","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-jednomandatowe-okregi-wyborcze"},"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=330"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1694,"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/330\/revisions\/1694"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dobrowol.org\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}